Dưới đây là các cấu trúc ăn điểm bạn có thể dùng khi mô tả biểu đồ động (dynamic charts) như line graph, bar chart theo thời gian trong IELTS Writing Task 1. Các cấu trúc được chia thành nhóm theo chức năng và kèm ví dụ minh họa.
📈 1. Diễn tả xu hướng tăng / giảm / dao động
| Chức năng | Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| Tăng | – There was a sharp/steady/gradual/rapid increase in… – … rose/climbed/jumped (by/to…) |
– There was a sharp rise in the number of users. – The figure rose steadily to 80%. |
| Giảm | – … fell/dropped/declined significantly – There was a gradual decrease in… |
– The price dropped significantly in 2010. – There was a slight decline in sales. |
| Dao động | – … fluctuated over the period – … saw a fluctuation between X and Y |
– The rate fluctuated between 20% and 40%. |
⏳ 2. So sánh giữa các thời điểm
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| By [year], … had + V3 | By 2010, the number of tourists had doubled. |
| Compared to [year], … | Compared to 2005, the figure was much higher in 2015. |
| While A increased, B declined. | While car sales increased, bike sales declined. |
| In contrast / On the other hand, … | In 2010, X rose. In contrast, Y fell. |
🕒 3. Miêu tả các mốc thời gian nổi bật
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| The most significant change occurred in… | The most significant change occurred in 2012. |
| The peak was reached in… | Sales peaked in 2018, at 100,000 units. |
| … remained unchanged from A to B | The number remained unchanged from 2010 to 2012. |
🔄 4. Dự đoán (nếu có dữ liệu tương lai)
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| … is expected/predicted to + V | The number of users is predicted to rise in 2030. |
| It is projected that… | It is projected that sales will decline by 2025. |
✅ 5. Dạng cấu trúc ăn điểm tổng quát cho phần overview
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
| Overall,/ It is clear that… | Overall,/ It is clear that all categories experienced an upward trend. |
| The most noticeable trend is… | The most noticeable trend is the sharp rise in A. |
